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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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germandr.3
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Government
[Editor's Note: On October 3, 1990 the German Democratic Republic
(East Germany) reunited with the Federal Republic of Germany (West
Germany) to form the new Federal Republic of Germany.]
Long-form name: German Democratic Republic; abbreviated GDR.
Type: Communist state.
Capital: East Berlin (not officially recognized by France,
UK, and US, which together with the USSR have special rights
and responsibilities in Berlin).
Administrative divisions: 14 districts (bezirke, singular--bezirk);
Cottbus, Dresden, Erfurt, Frankfurt, Gera, Halle, Karl-Marx-Stadt,
Leipzig, Magdeburg, Neubrandenburg, Potsdam, Rostock, Schwerin,
Suhl.
Independence: self-government proclaimed 7 October 1949,
with permission of the Soviet authorities.
Constitution: 9 April 1968, amended 7 October 1974.
Legal system: civil law system modified by Communist legal
theory; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
National holiday: Foundation of the German Democratic Republic,
7 October (1949).
Executive branch: Council of State abolished on 5 April
1990, post of president to be created; chairman of the Council
of Ministers, Council of Ministers (cabinet).
Legislative branch: unicameral People's Chamber (Volkskammer).
Judicial branch: Supreme Court.
Leaders:
Chief of State--Acting President of the People's Chamber Sabine
BERGMANN-POHL (since 5 April 1990);
Head of Government--Chairman of the Council of Ministers
Lothar DE MAIZIERE (since 12 April 1990); Deputy Chairman
Peter-Michael DIESTEL (since 16 April 1990).
Political parties and leaders:
Alliance for Germany--Christian Democratic Union (CDU),
Lothar de Maiziere, chairman; German Social Union (DSU),
Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling, chairman; and Democratic Awakening (DA),
Rainer Eppelmann, chairman;
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Markus Meckel,
acting chairman;
Party for Democratic Socialism (PDS, former Communist),
Gregor Gysi, chairman;
League of Free Democrats (BFD)--Liberals, Rainer Ortleb,
chairman; Free Democratic Party (FDP), Bruno Menzel, chairman;
and German Forum Party (DFP), Juergen Schmieder, chairman;
Alliance '90--New Forum, Baerbel Bohley, Jens Reich, Sebastian
Pflugbeil, spokespersons; Democracy Now, Konrad Weiss, spokesperson;
and United Left, Herbert Misslitz, spokesperson;
Greens Party (GP), Vera Wollenberger, spokesperson;
Democratic Peasants' Party (DBD), Guenther Maleuda, chairman.
Suffrage: universal at age 18.
Elections: People's Chamber--last held on 18 March 1990
(next to be held March NA); results--Alliance for Germany--
CDU 40.9%, DSU 6.3%, DA 0.9%; SPD 21.8; BFD 5.3%; SPD 21.8%;
PDS 16.3%; Alliance '90 2.9%; DBD 2.2%; GP 2.0%; NDPD 0.4%;
others 1.0%; seats--(400 total, including 66 from East Berlin)
Alliance for Germany--CDU 164, DSU 25, DA 4; SPD 87; BFD
21; PDS 65; Alliance '90 12, DBD 9; GP 8; NDPD 2; others 3.
Communists: 500,000 to 700,000 party members (1990).
Member of: CEMA, IAEA, IBEC, ICES, ILO, IMO, IPU, ITU, UN,
UNESCO, UPU, Warsaw Pact, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO.
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Dr. Gerhard HERDER;
Chancery at 1717 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington DC
20036; telephone (202) 232-3134; US--Ambassador Richard
C. BARKLEY; Embassy at 1080 Berlin, Neustaedtische Kirchstrasse
4-5, East Berlin (mailing address is Box E, APO New York
09742); telephone [37] (2) 220-2741.
Flag: three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red,
and yellow with the coat of arms centered; the coat of arms
contains, in yellow, a hammer and compass encircled by a
wreath of grain with a black, red, and gold ribbon at the
bottom; similar to the flag of the FRG which does not have
a coat of arms.